Luca Barberis

Which channels deliver profitable users?

№ 073 · Channel CAC vs LTV

01

Definition

MetricAcquisition cost per user vs realized LTV per user, by channel

Unit$ CAC (CPI proxy) and $ LTV per install; ratio LTV/CAC

Scatter with each acquisition channel as a dot, CAC on x-axis, LTV on y-axis. Diagonal lines show LTV/CAC ratios. Build by computing per-channel CAC and LTV. Top-left dots are gold; bottom-right are leaks. Example: Meta at ($3.20, $9.40) = 2.9x; TikTok at ($1.80, $3.20) = 1.8x.

CAC
Customer acquisition cost. Fully loaded sales and marketing spend in a period divided by new customers won in that period.
LTV
Lifetime value. Average gross profit per customer per period divided by that period churn rate, or summed over expected life.
LTV/CAC
Lifetime value to acquisition cost ratio. LTV divided by CAC. Above 3x is the common health threshold.
02

Benchmarks

Bottom 30%MedianTop 30%
LTV/CAC below 1 at 12 monthsBlended global CPI roughly $1-2 (iOS $3.83-5.84, Android $0.66-1.92 depending on source and quarter) against a median 12-month install LTV of ~$0.84, so the median paid channel sits near or below water and survives on the top cohorts; sustainable programs run 1.5-3xLTV/CAC of 3+ on the channel's mature cohorts

Paid UA channels for consumer apps, per-install basis, global 2025-2026. CAC side from CPI datasets (AppsFlyer, Business of Apps, Segwise, AdAction); LTV side from subscription datasets (Adapty, RevenueCat). CPI understates true CAC: creative, tooling and team cost typically add 15-30%. · No large public dataset publishes matched CAC-and-LTV pairs per channel; this card pairs two independent benchmark families, which is honest but approximate. Platform and geo spreads dominate: iOS CPI runs ~3x Android while monetizing up to 5x in some categories, so a channel scatter that ignores platform mix misleads.

By category
CategoryBottom 30%MedianTop 30%
By platformiOS broad targeting in competitive verticals, $8+ effective CPIiOS CPI $3.83-5.84, ~3x Android; iOS monetizes up to 5x in some categoriesAndroid CPI $0.66-1.92 with Tier 1 geo targeting
By geographypremium-geo CPIs paired with global-median LTV, ratio under 0.5NA $2.50-5.30, EMEA $2.00-4.00, APAC $1.50-3.00LATAM / SEA volume plays $0.30-2.00 CPI where LTV holds
03

When it looks bad

Spend concentrating in the cheap-CAC corner of the scatter while those channels sit below the breakeven diagonal, and the one channel above the diagonal stays budget-capped.

70% of spend on a $1.10 CPI channel returning $0.60 at 12 months, while a $3.80 CPI search channel returning $8+ receives 15% of budget.

04

What to do about it

  • Re-rank every channel on D30 and D90 cohort revenue per install, not CPI; cheap installs with empty cohorts are the standard failure mode this chart exists to catch (AdAction).
  • Do the ASO work before scaling any paid channel; store conversion improvements can cut blended CPI by roughly 35% at unchanged bids, which moves every point on the scatter left (Digital Applied aggregate).
  • Set platform-specific targets: iOS CPI runs ~3x Android but can monetize up to 5x in some categories, so a single blended CAC target misprices both platforms (Digital Applied, AppsFlyer via aggregation).
  • Kill channels below 1.0 LTV/CAC at month 6 unless a measured referral or network effect justifies the subsidy, and force that justification to be quantified, not asserted.
05

Sources

  1. AppsFlyerCost per install (CPI): AppsFlyer mobile glossary · 2024 · AppsFlyer network data Average CPI North America $5.30 vs LATAM $0.30; broader channels command different CPIs than niche ones appsflyer.com ↗
  2. Digital AppliedMobile App Marketing Statistics 2026: Install Data · 2026 · Aggregates Adjust, AppsFlyer Performance Index, Singular, Liftoff, Sensor Tower indices Q1 2026 average CPI $5.84 iOS (+19% YoY) vs $1.92 Android (+8%); global install ad spend $94B; ASO conversion work can cut blended CPI ~35% at unchanged bids digitalapplied.com ↗
  3. Business of AppsCost per Install (CPI) Rates (2025) · 2025 · Compiled network and platform CPI data Persistent iOS vs Android CPI gap by genre; casual games around $1.5 on Android with iOS materially higher businessofapps.com ↗
  4. Insert AffiliateMobile App User Acquisition Cost Benchmarks by Category · 2026 · Compiled from AppsFlyer, Business of Apps, Adjust, AdAction Category CPIs from under $1 to $26.81 (sports highest); geo bands NA $2.50-5.00, EMEA $2.00-4.00, APAC $1.50-3.00, LATAM $0.50-2.00; Apple Search Ads median cost-per-tap $2.05 (shopping) insertaffiliate.com ↗
  5. AdActionMobile app user acquisition cost: benchmarks, formula and why intent matters · 2026 · AdAction campaign data plus industry indices Teams that track CPI without D7/D30/D90 cohort value systematically shift budget to cheap-install channels with empty cohorts adaction.com ↗
  6. AdaptyState of In-App Subscriptions 2026 · 2026 · n=16,000+ apps, $3B+ revenue Average 12-month install LTV $0.84 globally; North America roughly 2x global, which resets channel viability by geo adapty.io ↗
  7. SegwiseROAS Benchmarks by Industry 2026 · 2026 · Aggregated platform benchmarks Global mobile CPI rose 8.4% to $1.12 blended, iOS near $3.83 and Android near $0.66 segwise.ai ↗